Abstract
Chapter One: Introducing the Question
General Introduction 1
The Logic Behind a Comparative
Approach 2
Game Theory and the Prisoner’s
Dilemma 4
Reciprocal Altruism: a Sociobiological
Debate 8
Reciprocal Altruism in Nature
13
Why Cotton-top Tamarins?
17
Summary and Aims 18
Chapter Two: General Methods
Natural History of the Cotton-top
Tamarin 19
Experimental Subjects 20
General Experimental Set-up
22
General Experiment Paradigm
24
Training 26
Solo Controls 27
Chapter Three: Does Reciprocity
Occur?
Experiment #1:
Introduction 29
Question 35
Methods 36
Results 37
Discussion 39
Chapter Four: Detecting and Punishing
Defectors
Experiment #2:
Introduction 40
Questions 42
Methods 42
Results 44
Discussion 46
Chapter Five: Testing Behavioral
Trends
Experiment #3:
Introduction 48
Methods 48
Results 49
Discussion 51
Chapter Six: General Discussion
Limitations 53
Future Directions 54
Conclusion 55
References