- Arthur Benton Award, International Neuropsychological Society, 1989
- Distinguished Scientific Award for Early Career Contribution to Psychology in Human Learning and Cognition, American Psychological Association, 1990
- Troland Research Award, National Academy of Sciences, 1991
- Most Frequently Cited Researcher in Psychology, 1986-1990, Institute for Scientific Information, 1992
- Fellow, Neurosciences Research Program (elected 1994)
- Fellow, Society of Experimental Psychologists (elected 1994)
- Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences (elected 1996)
- Searching for Memory, New York Times Book Review Notable Book of the Year, 1996
- Searching for Memory, Library Journal Best Science and Technology Books of the Year, 1996
- Harvard-Radcliffe Phi Beta Kappa Teaching Prize, 1997
- Searching for Memory, William James Book Award, American Psychological Association, 1997
- James McKeen Cattell Fund Award, 1998-99
- John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship, 1998-99
- MERIT Award, National Institute on Aging, 2000
- The Seven Sins of Memory, New York Times Book Review Notable Books of the Year, 2001
- The Seven Sins of Memory, Amazon.com Best books of 2001
- The Seven Sins of Memory, William James Book Award, Society for General Psychology, American Psychological Association, 2003
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